All of the naturally-occurring elements on planet Earth were made inside stars. Stars can join together protons, neutrons and electrons to form larger elements. This process is nuclear fusion.
Radiation is all around us. It comes from radioactive substances including the ground, air, building materials and food. Radiation is also found in cosmic rays from space.
The main sources of background radiation are in the table below.
Some rocks contain radioactive substances that produce a radioactive gas called radon. The pie chart below shows the average contribution of these different sources to natural background radiation.